Rasgos morfológicos y métricos dentales coronales de premolares superiores e inferiores en escolares de tres instituciones educativas de Cali, Colombia / Morphologics and metric dental crown traits of upper and lower premolars in scholars of Cali, Colombia

El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la frecuencia y variabilidad de doce rasgos morfológicos dentales coronales y de dos rasgos métricos dentales coronales en los primeros y segundos premolares superiores (UP1/UP2) e inferiores (LP1/LP2) de 112 modelos de yeso obtenidos de una muestra de jóvenes escolares del municipio de Santiago de Cali. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo transversal cuantitativo que evaluó doce rasgos morfológicos dentales coronales mediante los sistemas ASUDAS (Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System): cresta accesoria mesial, cresta accesoria distal y premolar tricúspide; Higa et al.: tubérculos intersticiales mesial y distal; van Reenen et al.: hipostilo, surco vestibular, cresta central, surco meso-lingual y surco disto-lingual; Hillson: número de cúspides linguales y patrón cuspideo. Y dos rasgos métricos dentales coronales, los dißmetros mesio-distal mediante el método de Moorrees et al. y vestíbulo-palatino (lingual) mediante el de Kieser et al. La frecuencia de los rasgos morfológicos y las dimensiones dentales evidencia que los primeros premolares cuentan con una morfología mucho mas simplificada y dimensiones menores (caninización; mientras que los segundos son mucho mas caracterizados y de mayor tamaño (molarización). La frecuencia de los rasgos morfológicos es ambigua, no presentan dimorfismo sexual y cuentan con bilateralidad en su expresión, a excepción del surco meso-lingual. La correspondencia entre los primeros y segundos premolares superiores e inferiores varía en cada rasgo. Las dimensiones dentales presentan bilateralidad y dimorfismo sexual a excepción de los segundos premolares inferiores. El dendograma obtenido sugiere que la muestra consiste en mestizos con características caucasoides, de fuerte influencia negroide y conservación mongoloide.

The objective is determining the frequency and variability, sexual dimorph, bilateral asymmetry and correspondence between twelve non-metric dental traits and two metric dental traits on the first and second upper and lower premolars in dental casts from 110 subjects from a Colombian racially mixed population. In this descriptive and quantitative study, frequency and variability of twelve non-metric dental crown traits were observed, through the ASUDAS (mesial and distal accessory crest and tricuspid premolar), Higa et al. (mesial and distal interstitial tubercle), van Reenen et al. (hypostile, bucal furrow, transverse ridge, meso-lingual furrow and disto-lingual furrow; and Hillson (lingual cusp number and groove pattern). The frequency of the metric and non-metric dental traits demonstrates that the first premolars present a minor dimensions and simplified morphology (caninization); whereas the second premolars ones are many characterized and of major size (molarization). The frequency of the non-metric dental traits is ambiguous; they do not present sexual dimorphism and present bilateral symmetry, with the exception of the meso-lingual furrow. The correspondence between the first and second upper and lower premolars changes in every trait. The dental dimensions present bilateral symmetry and sexual dimorphism with the exception of the second lower premolars. The dendogram suggests that the sample consists in mixed population with Caucasoid characteristics, negroid influence and mongoloid conservation.

Some aspects of post-fitting clinical complications in metal-ceramic crowns

Metal-ceramic full-coverage crowns [MCFCs] are the most commonly used coronal restoration in this country. However, locally relevant treatment outcome data regarding these is not available. The objective of this study was to report the distribution and levels of biological and technical complications in MCFCs in relation to arch, location in arches and place of provision / setting. As part of a large study, spanning between February 2007 and Jan 2008, data relating to 121 patients having complications with their levels in MCFCs were recorded. A structured proforma, patient`s interview and clinical and radiographic examinations were the methods used. Wi -an age of participants [33.2 years +/- 11.3 [SD]], males outnumbered females [1.42:1]. Complication occurred in younger patients [21 30 years]. The MCFCs [N =121] were: hospital-fitted [59%], privy - fitted [31.4%] and unqualified personal [10%]. Hospital-fitted MCFCs had 58.1% of the 179 noted coim Is as compared to 34% in private-practice-fitted and 8.4% in those made by unqualified personal. Irresp e of the fitting place, 36% of the complications were in those fitted just 1-year earlier with another 45.0% m -mose not older than 5-years. Complications [19%] were in those MCFCs that were older than 5-years. The noted compplication-events were: de-cementation [24%], peri-apical problems [23%], abutment fracture [13%], caries periodontal-problems [11.2%], esthetic problems [7.0%], artificial crown-fractures [7%], and occlus, [3.4%] withstanding the individual differing proportions and their levels, the distribution is levels of we 179 complication-events was: Level-1 [39.1%], Level-2 [50.3%] and Level- 3 [11%]. Irrespective of their providers or fitting-places as mentioned in this study, MCFCs showed very poor survival data. Strategies for improving the situation are suggested

Coronas de ceramica pura o vitroceramicas / Crowns of dental ceramics pure or glassceramic

Cuando el odontologo realiza una restauracion, cualquiera sea su tipo, siempre se persigue el mismo fin: que esta sea resistente, duradera, funcional y estetica. Cuando se trata de elementos anteriores, la estetica adquiere un plano preponderante, pues sera seguramente la primera inquietud o exigencia que nos expresara el paciente. Frecuentemente, los profesionales nos familiarizamos con un determinado sistema para la confeccion de nuestras restauraciones coronarias, pero este no siempre es el indicado o el adecuado para determinadas situaciones clinicas. Es por ello que el profesional debe conocer y aplicar las diferentes alternativas de tratamiento para adecuarlas e implementarlas en las distintas exigencias clinicas. Este articulo es una recopilacion y descripcion de los sistemas para la confeccion de restauraciones coronarias totalmente ceramicas.

Coronas, sus eventuales falencias y soluciones a las mismas (Parte I) / Crowns, its eventual defects and its solution. (Part I)

Es muy común tener que reemplazar coronas defectuosas, y para este propósito se describen las tecnicas más adecuadas y el instrumental más utilizado. Asimismo, se detallan los pasos a seguir para recuperar coronas cuyos pilares presentaban falencias que pueden ser corregidas